Flint arrowheads from Sarn-y-Bryn-Caled, near Welshpool

Description

Flint arrowheads recovered from the cursus complex at Sarn-y-Bryn-Caled, south of Welshpool. The arrowheads were recovered from the cremated remains of the primary burial at the site. They are white because they have been burnt, suggesting that they were actually in the corpse when it was cremated.

The cursus complex at Sarn-y-Bryn-Caled is a long, rectangular ditched enclosure about 10 metres wide and 400 metres long. It had banks on the outside of the ditches and had been dated to the Neolithic period about 3700 BC. The purpose of the cursus is obscure, but it appears to have been a ritual site. The cursus attracted other ritual and burial sites. Ring ditches, ploughed-out burial mounds, cluster around its northern end and there is also a large ritual enclosure or 'henge' monument partly underlying Mill Lane.

The construction of the Welshpool by-pass prompted the excavation of some of the components of the cursus complex. A small penannular ditch to the south-east of the complex produced four human cremation burials and fragments of late Neolithic Peterborough Pottery. Radiocarbon dates of c. 2900 BC were obtained for the site. The ring ditches of Coed-y-Dinas produced more than thirty vessels of Beaker pottery and dates of 1900 BC.

The most spectacular monument so far excavated was the timber circle at Sarn-y-Bryn-Caled. This was a double circle of large oak posts standing about 4 metres high. An entrance faced south suggesting the possibility of sun worship or orientation. A central burial pit contained two human cremation burials; one was associated with a small Bronze Age food vessel pot and the other, the primary burial, appeared to be a human sacrifice as the four high quality barbed and tanged flint arrowheads shown here were found in the burial and had probably been the cause of death. This practice can be paralleled at Stonehenge.

Description: Powysland Museum and Montgomery Canal Centre